模板:Excerpt

File:Test Template Info-Icon - Version (2).svg 模板文檔[查看][編輯][歷史][清除快取]

這種模板用於在其他頁面中重複使用部分頁面。這種做法有以下優點:

• 通過避免必須多次更新的重複內容而減少維護工作。
• 通過鼓勵編輯合併相關內容來提高內容質量，而不是在不同的開發階段有多個版本。
• 通過引導貢獻者到一個地方編輯來促進合作。

但它也具有以下缺點 :

• 因為您必須轉到子文章才能對主要文章進行更改。
• 由於代碼生成的問題，一篇文章的摘錄格式不能完美地融入一篇新文章，存在段落丟失問題。
• 對子文章的更改不會出現在主文章的編輯監視列表中。

此模板擴展了內建的一般轉用和帶標籤段落轉用的功能。

用法

基本用法

• {{Excerpt|Page title}} — 轉用導言部分 (範例)
• {{Excerpt|Page title|Section title}} — 轉用特定段落，不包括任何子段落 (範例)

參數

• 1 或 article 或 page — 必填。 要轉用的文章或頁面的名稱。預設情況下，轉用的是導言部分 (範例)。如果頁面包含資訊框，則資訊框中的圖像和標題也會被轉用（除非設置了 files=0）。另外，Module:Excerpt/config 中列出的模板將不會被轉用（除非明確請求使用 |templates=，見下文）。
• 2 或 section 或 fragment — 要轉用的段落名稱 (範例) 或要轉用的 <section> 標籤 (範例)。在被轉用的頁面中，必須使用 <section begin=Name of the fragment/> 和 <section end=Name of the fragment/> 標記。請注意，此模板還提供其他方式來定位頁面的特定片段，而不必使用段落標籤。
• only — 要轉用的元素。預設情況下，所有元素都會被轉用（除了在 Module:Excerpt/config 中列入黑名單的模板）。
  • only=file — 僅轉用第一個檔案。
  • only=files — 僅轉用檔案。
  • only=list — 僅轉用第一個清單。
  • only=lists — 僅轉用清單。
  • only=table — 僅轉用第一個表格。
  • only=tables — 僅轉用表格 (範例)。
  • only=template — 僅轉用第一個模板。
  • only=templates — 僅轉用模板。
  • only=paragraph — 僅轉用第一個段落。
  • only=paragraphs — 僅轉用段落。
• paragraphs — 要轉用的段落。預設情況下，所有段落都會被轉用。
  • paragraphs=0 — 不轉用任何段落。
  • paragraphs=1 — 轉用第一個段落。
  • paragraphs=2 — 轉用第二個段落。
  • paragraphs=1,3 — 轉用第一個和第三個段落。
  • paragraphs=1-3 — 轉用第一、第二及第三個段落。
  • paragraphs=1-3,5 — 轉用第一、第二、第三及第五個段落。
  • paragraphs=-1 — 轉用除了第一個以外的所有段落。
  • paragraphs=-2 — 轉用除了第二個以外的所有段落。
  • paragraphs=-1,3 — 轉用除了第一個和第三個以外的所有段落。
  • paragraphs=-1-3 — 轉用除了第一、第二及第三個以外的所有段落。
  • paragraphs=-1-3,5 — 轉用除了第一、第二、第三及第五個以外的所有段落。
• lists — 要轉用的清單。預設情況下，所有清單都會被轉用。語法與轉用段落相同。
• files — 要轉用的檔案。預設情況下，所有檔案都會被轉用。語法與轉用段落相同，但還包括：
  • files=A.jpg — 轉用名為「A.jpg」的檔案。
  • files=A.jpg, B.png, C.gif — 轉用名為「A.jpg」、「B.png」及「C.gif」的檔案。
  • files=.+%.png — 轉用所有 PNG 檔案。
  • files=-A.jpg — 轉用除了名為「A.jpg」以外的所有檔案。
  • files=-A.jpg, B.png, C.gif — 轉用除了名為「A.jpg」、「B.png」及「C.gif」以外的所有檔案。
  • files=-.+%.png — 轉用所有非 PNG 檔案。
• tables — 要轉用的表格。預設情況下，所有表格都會被轉用。語法與轉用段落相同，但還包括：
  • tables=Stats2020 — 轉用 id 為「Stats2020」的表格。
  • tables=Stats2020, Stats2019, Stats2018 — 轉用 id 為「Stats2020」、「Stats2019」及「Stats2018」的表格。
  • tables=-Stats2020 — 轉用除了 id 為「Stats2020」的表格以外的所有表格。
  • tables=-Stats2020, Stats2019, Stats2018 — 轉用除了 id 為「Stats2020」、「Stats2019」及「Stats2018」的表格以外的所有表格。
• templates — 要轉用的模板。預設情況下，所有模板都會被轉用，除了在 Module:Excerpt/config 中列入黑名單的那些。若在以逗號分隔的模板列表前加上連字符，則會將這些模板加入黑名單。
  • templates=-Ocean — 將模板 {{Ocean}} 加入黑名單。
  • templates=-Ocean, Nature — 將模板 {{Ocean}} 及 {{Nature}} 加入黑名單。
  • templates=Infobox person — 忽略黑名單並轉用模板 {{Infobox person}}。
  • templates=Infobox person, Ocean — 忽略黑名單並轉用模板 {{Infobox person}} 及 {{Ocean}}。
  • templates=.* — 忽略黑名單並轉用所有模板。
• this — 更改引言註釋的初始文字。例如，如果轉用的內容是圖庫，您可以設置 this=This gallery is，使得引言註釋顯示 "This gallery is an excerpt from..." (範例)。
• displaytitle — 更改引言註釋中連結的文字。例如，添加斜體、下標等。
• hat=no — 隱藏頂注「這個部分摘自」。
• bold=yes — 保留 粗體 文字。
• links=no — 移除所有維基連結。
• quote=yes — 用 <blockquote> 標籤包裹轉用的內容。
• dd=yes — 以冒號列表（描述列表）的形式轉用。預設只轉用段落、無頂注。
• inline=yes — 移除轉用內容周圍的引言註釋和 <div> 標籤，以便嵌入其他文字中。
• onlyfreefiles=no — 允許轉用非自由檔案。
• briefdates=yes — 將出生和死亡資訊縮寫為 (YYYY-YYYY) 格式。
• references=no — 移除所有參考文獻。
• subsections=yes — 包含轉用段落的子段落。請注意，如果從第 3 級段落進行轉用，且被轉用的子段落也是第 3 級，那麼這些子段落將與轉用段落顯示相同的階層，這可能不理想，因此請小心使用。

Replacing Template:Main

File:How to excerpt.webm

How to replace a section for an excerpt.

Sections are often summaries of more precise subpages (generally linked with Template:Main). Sometimes it's convenient to replace the content of such sections for excerpts of the subpages (after merging any valuable content of the section into the subpage). In such cases, an efficient way to proceed is:

1. Open the section in one tab and the subpage in another.
2. Edit both.
3. Copy the text of the section and paste it below the lead section of the subpage.
4. Delete repeated content and adjust using common sense.
5. Save the changes in the subpage with an edit summary like: Bring content from [[Page]].
6. Back to the section, delete all content and replace it for an excerpt of the subpage.
7. Save the changes in the section with an edit summary like: Move content to [[Subpage]] and leave an excerpt.

Refinement using inclusion control

更多資訊：Help:模板 § <noinclude>、<includeonly>和<onlyinclude>

Sometimes, a passage will almost fit for a transclusion, but not quite. In these cases, you can edit the source page to add <noinclude>...</noinclude> tags around content you don't want in the excerpt and <includeonly>...</includeonly> tags around content you want only in the excerpt.

For instance, the page COVID-19 misinformation begins The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in misinformation.... However, when excerpting this lead to the misinformation section of COVID-19 pandemic, we don't need to specify which pandemic we're referring to. Therefore, the code The <noinclude>[[COVID-19 pandemic]]</noinclude><includeonly>pandemic</includeonly> has resulted in [[misinformation]] can be used at the misinformation page, so that it will appear at the pandemic page as The pandemic has resulted in misinformation....

For pages with a high volume of edits, it may be a good idea to leave a hidden comment explaining why the tags are there, so that no one will be tempted to remove them.

Please note that when the </noinclude> tag is wrapped into a new line, a character next to it would be interpreted as a line beginning. This can lead to some formatting problems. For example, when a </noinclude> at line beginning is succeeded by a whitespace character, the page engine would translate this as a leading space that renders the subsequent paragraph in code block and monospaced font with preserved formatting. For this reason, no spaces should separate the </noinclude> tag from the text it precedes.

Compared to #section

For simple cases of transcluding sections of articles, the {{#section}}, {{#section-x}}, and {{#section-h}} (abbreviated {{#lst}}, {{#lstx}}, and {{#lsth}})) parser functions can be used instead of this template. {{#lsth:article|fragmentname}} will transclude the section of "article" with the header "fragmentname", and {{#lsth:article}} will transclude the lead section of "article". Excerpting only specific paragraphs can be done by marking up the source article with <section begin=fragmentname/>...<section end=fragmentname/> tags and using {{#lst:article|fragmentname}} to transclude those fragments, which is equivalent to using the |fragment=fragmentname parameter with this template. {{#lsth:article|fragmentname}} can also be used to transclude everything but those fragments.

The text will not be trimmed of excess whitespace, there will not be a header (equivalent to |hat=no, and all files, templates, tables, references, and subsections will be included unless the source article is marked up with <section begin=fragmentname/>...<section end=fragmentname/>, <noinclude>...</noinclude>, or <onlyinclude>...</onlyinclude> tags. Self links will appear in bold.

Excerpt trees

File:Excerpt tree.png

Visual representation of an excerpt tree.

When a very general article uses excerpts from more specific articles, which in turn use excerpts from even more specific articles, then a tree structure emerges, called an "Excerpt tree".

Here you can navigate the main excerpt trees on the English Wikipedia. It's useful for editors interested in expanding or improving them. To navigate the trees, click the following button^(S):

http://wiki.kyoshihira.uk/index.php?title=Template:Excerpt&withJS=MediaWiki:ExcerptTree.js#Excerpt_trees

• January 6 United States Capitol attack
• Algae
• Africa
• Aquatic ecosystem
• Bangladesh
• Campanology
• Climate change in Africa
• Climate change in South Asia
• Climate justice
• COVID-19 pandemic
• Ecosystem
  • Aquatic ecosystem
• Effects of climate change on humans
• Environmental impact of agriculture
• Eutrophication
• Fishing industry
• Food
• God
  • Existence of God
• Hygiene
• List of carillons
• List of LGBT-related cases in the United States Supreme Court
• Marine debris
• Middle East
• Ocean
• Plastic pollution
• Public health
• Sanitation
• Sewage
• Sustainable Development Goals
• Tourism
• Wastewater treatment
• Water resources

See also

• Module:Excerpt
• Module:Excerpt/config
• Module:Transcluder
• Help:Transclusion#Drawbacks
• Category:Articles with excerpts, or Articles that link to "Template:Excerpt" (unsorted)
• Category:Articles with broken excerpts
• Help:Labeled section transclusion – A more efficient method for simple section transclusions
• Wikipedia:Transclusion#Selective transclusion – how to transclude one or more sections of an article or project page into another
• Wikipedia:Summary style#Synchronization
• Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section
• Wikipedia:WikiProject Introductions
• {{Transcluded section}} – creates hatnote but does not transclude the section
  • Pages that link to "Template:Transcluded section" (articles) (unsorted)
• {{Transcluding article}} – transcludes one or more entire pages
  • Pages that link to "Template:Transcluding article" (articles) (unsorted)
• meta:Grants:Project/Rapid/Sophivorus/Excerpts - Grant to spread excerpts to various Wikipedias
• meta:Concise Wikipedia - Perennial new project proposal (see the comparison table at the bottom in particular)
• Single source of truth
• Excerpts: Modular and Reusable Content within Wikipedia - Video presentation about excerpts for Wikimania 2021
• {{Transclude lead excerpt}} and {{Transclude linked excerpt}} – templates designed for excerpt transclusion in portals

Template data

<templatedata> { "params": { "1": { "aliases": [ "article", "page" ], "label": "條目", "description": "要納入的條目名或頁面名", "example": "漢語", "type": "wiki-page-name", "required": true }, "2": { "aliases": [ "section", "fragment" ], "label": "章節", "description": "要納入的章節名稱或<section>標籤", "example": "歷史", "type": "string" }, "paragraphs": { "label": "段落", "description": "要納入的段落", "example": "1-3,5", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "paragraph" ] }, "files": { "label": "文件", "description": "要納入的文件", "example": "1-3,5", "type": "string", "default": "1", "aliases": [ "file" ] }, "subsections": { "label": "子章節", "description": "是否納入所請求章節的子章節", "example": "yes", "type": "boolean", "aliases": [ "sections" ] }, "tables": { "label": "表格", "description": "要納入的表格", "example": "Stats2020", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "table" ] }, "references": { "label": "參考文獻", "description": "是否納入參考文獻", "example": "no", "type": "boolean" }, "only": { "label": "僅限", "description": "僅納入指定的元素類型", "example": "table", "type": "string" }, "this": { "label": "頂註前提示", "description": "改變頂註前面的預設文字", "example": "此畫廊的內容", "type": "string" }, "displaytitle": { "label": "顯示標題", "description": "改變頂註中顯示的連結名稱", "type": "string" }, "class": { "label": "CSS類", "description": "額外CSS類", "example": "noprint", "type": "string" }, "hat": { "label": "頂註", "description": "是否包含頁首註腳", "example": "no", "type": "boolean", "default": "yes" }, "bold": { "label": "粗體", "description": "是否保留文字粗體格式", "example": "no", "type": "boolean", "default": "yes" }, "links": { "label": "維基內鏈", "description": "是否保留內鏈格式", "example": "no", "type": "boolean", "default": "yes" }, "quote": { "label": "引用",

"description": "用

標籤包覆此節選",

"example": "yes", "type": "boolean", "default": "no" }, "dd": { "label": "冒號列表", "description": "以冒號列表形式展示此節選", "example": "yes", "type": "boolean", "default": "no" }, "inline": { "label": "行內",

"description": "移除節選中的hatnote和

標籤，便於放在其他文本之中",

"example": "yes", "type": "boolean", "default": "no" }, "lists": { "aliases": [ "list" ], "label": "列表", "description": "納入的列表", "example": "1", "type": "string" }, "templates": { "aliases": [ "template" ], "label": "模板", "description": "納入的模板", "example": "Infobox person", "type": "string" }, "onlyfreefiles": { "label": "僅自由文件", "description": "允許納入非自由文件", "example": "yes", "type": "boolean", "default": "no" }, "briefdates": { "label": "日期簡化", "description": "生卒信息簡化為YYYY-YYYY格式", "example": "yes", "type": "boolean", "default": "no" }, "nohat": {} }, "description": "此模板用於在條目中嵌入指定的另一條目的特定內容。", "paramOrder": [ "1", "2", "only", "paragraphs", "files", "tables", "lists", "templates", "references", "subsections", "hat", "bold", "links", "quote", "dd", "this", "displaytitle", "inline", "onlyfreefiles", "briefdates", "class", "nohat" ] } </templatedata>

上述文件嵌入自Template:Excerpt/doc。（編輯 | 歷史）
編者可以在本模板的沙盒（建立 | 鏡像）和測試樣例（建立）頁面進行實驗。
請在/doc子頁面中添加分類。本模板的子頁面。